Animals & Ethics 101:
Thinking Critically About Animal Rights
Table of Contents
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to Ethics, Logic and Ethics & Animals
17
Overview
..
17
Readings
.
17
Moral Questions
.
21
What the Question Is Not: Not “Morally Right,” but Morally Permissible and/or Morally Obligatory
23
What the Questions Also Is Not: Not (Necessarily) Animal “Rights”
25
Legal Rights: Not the Issue
.
25
Moral Rights: Not
Necessarily
the Issue
.
26
Some Basic Concepts about Arguments: Introduction to Logic
.
26
Moral Principles as Premises: Introduction to Ethics
.
27
Religion and Ethics: A Brief Comment
31
Introduction to Animal Ethics
.
32
Discussion Questions
.
32
Chapter 2: What Are (Some) Animals Like? Animal Minds and Harms to Animals
35
Overview
..
35
Readings
.
35
Being Specific About Species
.
37
How Do We Know? Arguments from Analogy & Inference to the Best Scientific Explanation
38
A Source of Doubts: Necessary Conditions for Having a Mind
.
40
Discussion Questions
.
40
Chapter 3: In Defense of Animals: Some Moral Arguments
.
43
Overview
..
43
Readings
.
43
General Theories and Particular Cases
.
45
Arguments from Paradigm Cases: Inference to the Best Moral Explanation
45
Sufficient Conditions for Taking Someone’s Interests Seriously
47
Again, the Issue is Not (Necessarily) Animal “Rights”
.
48
Discussion Questions
.
50
Chapter 4: Objections to Defenses of Animals and Defending Animal Use
53
Overview
..
53
Readings
.
53
General Theories and Particular Cases
.
55
Necessary Conditions for Taking Someone’s Interests Seriously: Cases Against Animals
56
Finding Relevant Differences from Arguments from Paradigm Cases: Inference to
Better
Moral Explanations?
.
56
Common Invalid Arguments
.
57
Making the Discussion Concrete
.
58
Discussion Questions
.
58
Chapter 5: Wearing and Eating Animals
.
61
Overview
..
61
Readings
.
61
Fur and Food
.
67
Personal Challenges and Logic
.
67
Harms to Animals (and Humans): The Facts
.
68
Factory Farming vs. Vegetarianism vs. Veganism vs. “Humane” Animal Agriculture vs.??
69
“Painless” and “Humane” Killing
.
70
Discussion Questions
.
71
Chapter 6: Experimenting on Animals; Animals in Education
73
Overview
..
73
Readings
.
73
Science Does Not Answer Moral Questions
.
77
Theoretical Foundations and Unprincipled Responses
.
77
“Benefits” Arguments
.
77
“Necessity” Arguments
.
79
“No Alternatives” Arguments
.
80
“Painless” and “Humane” Killing, Again
.
80
Logic and Keeping Cool
80
Discussion Questions
.
81
Chapter 7: Pets / Companion Animals; Zoos, Hunting, Racing, and other Uses of Animals
83
Overview
..
83
Readings
.
83
“Pets” & Pet “Ownership” vs. Companion Animals & Animal Guardians
85
Ends and Means
.
86
Discussion Questions
.
87
Chapter 8: Activism for Animals
.
89
Overview
..
89
Readings
.
89
Criticisms or Complaints about (Some) Activists Have No Implications for the Morality of Animal Use
91
“Welfarism” & “Welfarists” versus “Animal Rights” & “Abolitionists”: Ends and Means
92
Animal Advocates
Promoting
Animal Use?
.
94
Illegal Actions
.
95
Violent Actions
.
96
Discussion Questions
.
97
Recommended Further Reading:
99
Bonus Essay: Abortion and Animal Rights: Does Either Topic Lead to the Other?
101
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